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POP for "fast" beams

  • 6 December 2021
  • 2 replies
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Dear All,

Does anyone have a suggestion oh how to model a propagation of laser beam through the optical system when at some point the beam is “fast” that is NA~0.6 or higher?

 

Typically there is a warning about beam waist being smaller than the wavelength.

 

With kind regards,

Vadim.

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Best answer by Jeff.Wilde 7 December 2021, 08:20

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Not sure what your application is, but you may not need POP if diffraction effects can be neglected (apart from propagation from the exit pupil to the image, or focal, plane -- which can be handled with the FFT and/or Huygens PSF analysis). 

However, if you do need to account for high-NA diffraction (e.g., you implement any form of spatial filtering), or you simply need to know the wavefront profile at various locations along the propagation path, then you may want to take a look at the following software package: DIFFRACT, authored by Prof. Masud Mansuripur, who is one of the world’s foremost experts on physical optics.  The software was originally written to support simulation of high-NA optical disk drives.  The interface is a bit dated now, but the numerical computations are very accurate.  It provides three user-selectable propagation regimes (near-field, far-field, and the intermediate range), none of which rely on the paraxial Fresnel approximation.  Thin optical elements can be inserted in the path (e.g., thin lenses with optional user-supplied Zernike or Seidel aberration, phase plates, apertures, gratings, DOEs, etc.), and ray tracing with thick elements is also supported. 

The mathematical details are published in the following papers:

Certain computational aspects of vector diffraction problems

Distribution of light at and near the focus of high-numerical-aperture objectives

Errata

 

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Hi @Jeff.Wilde ,

Just to add to your first comment, it is often the case the diffraction effects can be neglected in exactly those instance where there is a fast beam because often the aberration effects dominate, making diffraction effects small by comparison. A good rule of thumb is that if you can’t use POP because of the beam speed, you don’t need POP. However, that is not a hard rule, and it looks like DIFFRACT does work in a regime that POP was not intended for.

@Vadim.Chuyanov , an F/# of .6 or faster is almost certainly too fast for POP. Other than converting that section to rays and then back to POP when it slows, I don’t know of a way for POP to function in that environment.

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