Skip to main content
Solved

Why do I get an elliptical polarization after a 45-degree reflection in a mirror?


Katsumoto Ikeda
Ultraviolet
Forum|alt.badge.img

Hello, I have set up a 45-degree mirror in sequential mode, and I run into a result that I want to make sure is a physical phenomenon and not a bug in the program.

In Sequential mode, I set up collimated light hitting a the MIRROR surface in a 45-degree angle. 

When I open the Polarization Pupil Map analysis window and set the input polarization axis to 45 degrees, I expect to see 45 degree polarization.

cid:part2.B2F4CB8A.13A06AFC@trimble.se

However, as you can see, the Polarization Pupil Map shows slightly elliptical polarization.

I would have thought that metal mirrors caused a phase shift of pi both for S- and P-polarized light. I wonder if what I see in the OpticStudio results corresponds to a real physics phenomena or a bug in the program.

Best answer by Katsumoto Ikeda

Light reflected by a metal at non-normal incidence will generally have its ellipticity changed. Our case is a 45 degree angle, so it is non-normal. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_polarization#Via_reflection

When we set the surface property to “MIRROR”, it is set as some metal surface, and retains the properties of that metal.

For an ideal reflecting surface, I can set the coating of the MIRROR surface to “I.0”, which is a non-absorbing perfect reflecting surface. I get the result your intuition tells you, that the reflected polarization is not elliptical. This ideal reflection does not have any metallic or physical properties.

If I set the coating to “GOLD”, I get the following, much worse. 

The physics behind it is a little involved, but essentially, the S and P waves for the polarization are different with respect to the incident angle for most metals.

Below for the S-wave,

Below for the P-wave.

If we plot this out for a random metal, it looks something like this:

The incident angle is Theta_1, so you can see that the two reflections are different for non-zero indicent angles. For 45 degrees, we are talking roughly where the arrow for “P” points, so the difference between S and P are small in this case. 45-degrees is usually the tipping point that this happens, it's usually much worse at larger angles. We can also see that the reflection for Theta_1 = 0, or normal incidence, is Pi as expected.

I hope this helps.

View original
Did this topic help you find an answer to your question?

2 replies

Katsumoto Ikeda
Ultraviolet
Forum|alt.badge.img

Thank you very much for the inquiry. Short answer is, YES this is a real physical phenomenon, and it is NOT a bug. This is a reflective property of metals.


Katsumoto Ikeda
Ultraviolet
Forum|alt.badge.img
  • Author
  • Ultraviolet
  • 41 replies
  • Answer
  • August 7, 2019

Light reflected by a metal at non-normal incidence will generally have its ellipticity changed. Our case is a 45 degree angle, so it is non-normal. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_polarization#Via_reflection

When we set the surface property to “MIRROR”, it is set as some metal surface, and retains the properties of that metal.

For an ideal reflecting surface, I can set the coating of the MIRROR surface to “I.0”, which is a non-absorbing perfect reflecting surface. I get the result your intuition tells you, that the reflected polarization is not elliptical. This ideal reflection does not have any metallic or physical properties.

If I set the coating to “GOLD”, I get the following, much worse. 

The physics behind it is a little involved, but essentially, the S and P waves for the polarization are different with respect to the incident angle for most metals.

Below for the S-wave,

Below for the P-wave.

If we plot this out for a random metal, it looks something like this:

The incident angle is Theta_1, so you can see that the two reflections are different for non-zero indicent angles. For 45 degrees, we are talking roughly where the arrow for “P” points, so the difference between S and P are small in this case. 45-degrees is usually the tipping point that this happens, it's usually much worse at larger angles. We can also see that the reflection for Theta_1 = 0, or normal incidence, is Pi as expected.

I hope this helps.


Reply


Cookie policy

We use cookies to enhance and personalize your experience. If you accept you agree to our full cookie policy. Learn more about our cookies.

 
Cookie settings