Hi all,

I’m trying to simulate point spread functions for phase-modulated surfaces (using Zernike Fringe Phase Surface) in the Sequential mode.

In previously discussed topics, it seems like that the Huygens PSFs are most powerful and accurate method to calculate PSFs of phase-based systems. However, in my case, results from the POP were  more likely to make sense rather than the Huygens PSF. For example, for the Zernike Fringe Phase of Z4=-50, Z5=30 made PSFs as follows:

With considering the Spot Diagram and rays’ trajectories in 3D Layout, a result of the POP looks like more correct answer compared to Huygens PSF; an origination for red colored multiple hot-spots in the Huygens PSF was unclear. Where they were coming from? interference? The Huygens PSF may suffer from sampling issues but the results were not improved regardless I enlarged the sampling numbers in Pupil or Image sides. Is there any techniques to get accurate Huygens PSFs in my case?

Thank you.